An HR Generalist handles multiple HR functions, including recruitment, payroll, employee relations, training, and compliance. They work in small to mid-sized companies where HR responsibilities are broad. In contrast, an HR Specialist focuses on one specific HR function, such as talent acquisition, compensation & benefits, or employee engagement. Specialists are more common in large organizations where HR functions are divided into departments. Both roles require strong HR knowledge, but specialists develop deep expertise in one area, while generalists manage multiple aspects of HR.